Neck Anatomy

Understanding the anatomy of the neck is crucial for medical students as it encompasses the structures that support the head, facilitate movement, and house vital structures. Students will study the cervical vertebrae, including their anatomy, landmarks, and functions. Understanding the unique features of the atlas (C1) and axis (C2) is important for assessing spinal stability and conducting neurological examinations. Understanding the compartments and their contents, such as the visceral, muscular, and vascular compartments, is important for assessing neck infections, tumors, and surgical approaches.

Students will examine the boundaries and contents of the anterior triangle of the neck. This includes structures such as the hyoid bone, sternocleidomastoid muscle, digastric muscle, thyroid gland, and carotid sheath. Students will explore the superficial structures of the neck, including the platysma muscle, cervical lymph nodes, and major blood vessels. The deep structures within the neck, include the pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, and major blood vessels. Students will explore the relationships between these structures, their innervation, and their clinical relevance. Mastery of neck anatomy is crucial for success in the USMLE, as questions related to lymph node assessment, surgical approaches, and clinical scenarios involving the neck are frequently encountered.