00:00
So here we can see various dissections of
the thigh region to show the branches of the
femoral artery. We can just quickly highlight
the femoral artery passing down here into
the femoral triangle. We can see it passing
now into the adductor canal, and we can see
it leaving the adductor canal via the adductor
hiatus. So the femoral artery enters the femoral
triangle deep to the inguinal ligament. We
can see this happening here. External iliac
becomes the femoral deep to the inguinal ligament.
Inguinal ligament is here, and we can see
the femoral artery now running towards the
apex of the femoral triangle. It exits at
the apex to enter into the adductor canal.
It then leaves the adductor canal via the
adductor hiatus where it enters the popliteal
fossa. And here, it becomes the popliteal
artery. Within the femoral triangle, we can
see that the femoral artery gives rise to
this deep blood vessel here. This is known
as the deep artery of the thigh or profunda
femoris, and it also gives rise to medial
and lateral circumflex arteries. So, medial
and lateral circumflex arteries are coming
away from the deep arch of the thigh. We can
see the lateral circumflex artery is running
around in this direction, and we can see the
medial circumflex artery is running around
in this direction. Within the femoral triangle,
profunda femoris is given off this deep artery. And
we can see this deep artery running down here.
01:37
It passes deep to adductor longus, and it
supplies the thigh musculature posterior
to the femur. Here, we can see adductor longus.
Here, we can see adductor longus. And we can
see here the deep artery of the thigh is going
to pass deep to adductor longus. We can also
see that the femoral artery gives rise to
lateral and medial circumflex arteries, these
course around the proximal aspect of the femur.
So here we can see the medial circumflex artery,
and this is passing deep to iliopsoas, which
we can see here running down iliopsoas.
02:18
It passes deep to iliopsoas and pectineus. So
here we have the medial circumflex artery,
and here we have the lateral circumflex artery
once again. And this crosses the joint capsule
anterior to quadratus femoris. So when we look
at the posterior view, anterior to quadratus
femoris will be this lateral circumflex artery.
As the artery passes deep through the thigh
perforating arteries, so as the profunda femoris
passes deep through the thigh, perforating
arteries course around the femur to supply adductor
magnus, and also, the posterior compartment.
03:02
Here, we can see the deep artery of the thigh
running down here giving rise to perforating
arteries. We can see one here, we can see
another one here, and we can see another one
here. And these are passing through adductor
magnus to go and supply the posterior compartment,
perforating because they perforate through
adductor magnus. Now let’s turn to the obturator
artery. This arises from the internal iliac
within the pelvis, and it enters the medial
thigh via the obturator canal, a defect in obturator
foramen, a defect in obturator membrane.
03:44
Now let’s turn to the obturator artery, and
this arises from the internal iliac within
the pelvis. It enters the medial thigh via
the obturator canal, and this is an aperture
in the obturator membrane that is lining the
obturator foramen. There’s some common variation
in the origin of the obturator artery. In
fact, you can have branches coming from the
external iliac or the inferior epigastric artery.
And here it would be known as an aberrant
obturator artery. But we can see the obturator
artery is going to enter through the obturator
canal, a defect in obturator membrane, and
we can see it now alongside obturator nerve
passing into this medial compartment. We can
just see it here. Within the medial compartment,
it’s going to divide into anterior and posterior
branches, and these pass either side of adductor
brevis. So here’s adductor longus. Deep to
adductor longus, we’d find adductor brevis.
04:44
And then anterior and posterior to that, we
have the anterior and posterior branches of
the obturator artery. So here if we have a look,
we can see adductor brevis in more detail.
04:56
Here is adductor brevis. Now, the adductor
longus has been removed. And running along
the anterior surface of adductor brevis, we’d
find the anterior part of obturator artery.
05:06
And running underneath it to supply the deeper
musculature, we’d find the posterior division.