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Now let's talk about eczema. Eczema is also known as dermatitis. Remember, itis means
inflammation of and derm is the skin. This is where the skin becomes dry, red, and itchy. This
can occur anywhere on the body and it can be a small patch or it can cover the entire body.
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The cause is often unclear. We see this commonly in children, but this can occur at any age.
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Atopic dermatitis is also known as eczema. It's a chronic condition with flares periodically.
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Sometimes this is accompanied by asthma or hay fever and the treatment goal is to relieve
itching and prevent these triggers. Eczema is derived from a Greek word meaning to boil over.
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The specific cause is still unknown. This is not a contagious condition. Children are more likely
to develop eczema if their parents have an atopic illness and this includes allergies, asthma,
and eczema. So, it's thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
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Possible triggers that have been identified include irritants, allergens, certain microbes,
extreme hot and cold temperatures, certain foods, stress, and hormonal changes. Here are
some common causes of eczema and this is important for a nurse because you can see on the
top left soaps and detergents are guilty and you know in the hospital the soap has to be really
strong and effective and they're sometimes harsh on the skin. This can cause a skin breakdown
and your hands will have an increased risk for introduction of bacteria into your skin. So the
pathology of eczema. There are abnormalities in the skin barrier and alterations in the immune
response. The skin microbiome shifts. There are inflammatory mediators that begin to
accumulate and IgE, a type of antibody, plays a role.