00:01
Let's do the naming quickly.
00:03
Tissue, if it's epithelium, and it's a benign
type of proliferation or neoplasia.
00:08
You call this an adenoma or papilloma.
If epithelium, and it goes on to malignancy,
you call this cancer adenocarcinoma or papillary
carcinoma. Adeno- What does that mean to you?
Glandular. So where might you be? How about
the breast? How about the GI tract?
Such as the stomach. Such as, what if I told
you distal part of the esophagus.
00:40
How did the esophagus then go on to
develop adenocarcinoma?
Barrett's esophagus, metaplasia was the first
step of change, you went into dysplasia, you had to.
00:51
Then the distal portion of the esophagus secondary to
persistant GERD, or gastro-esophageal reflux disease
may result in adenocarcinoma. Everything that we
do in basic, and every single chapter and every
single concept that we will be working together
with, I will be giving you clinical application.
01:10
You cannot just look at this table and memorise it.
What's the point? This is not a memorization exam.
01:16
Each one of these points is a patient.
01:21
Mesenchyme, where in benign which is fibroma or lipoma,
whereas if it becomes malignant, this then becomes a sarcoma.
01:28
Now when you think about sarcoma, the spread here
usually, as a rule of thumb in pathology,
will be hematogenous, but does'nt have to be. Well,
sarcoma tends to be more hematogenous type of spread
if you are looking at metastasis. We will talk more
later. Melanocytes. What does it mean when you have
a bunch of melanocytes that cluster together? We have'nt
gone on to cancer yet. We haven't gone in to actual
malignancy. Nevus. Depending as to where the
clusters of melanocytes then deposit
Then it gives you particular types of nevi. For
example, you could have a junction nevus,
you could have intradermal nevus, so on and
so forth. Or you could have superficial.
02:12
At some point of time, if a nevus becomes let's say
dysplastic. There's that word again. Dysplasia.
02:19
What does that mean? Disordered growth. Increased
proliferation. Very much behaves like a neoplasia.
02:26
Benign, we have nevus. If this nevus goes on to become
dysplastic, your patient is at risk of developing melanoma.
02:35
How often or how common is melanoma? It is the most
popular, I hate saying that word but
it is one in which it's extremely common, it's growing.
It is the fastest growing cancer on planet earth.
02:49
Could I be any more dramatic? Melanoma. In dermatology,
in melanoma we will talk about superficial,
different types, acral, so on and so forth.
Now, lymphocytes. If you have a cancer that
is originating from the lymph nodes,
you call this a lymphoma.
03:06
Examples of lymphoma that you know of already include
Hodgkin's and Non- Hodgkin's lymphoma.
03:11
Our focus, in WBC pathology, in hematology will be
specifically more so Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
because that seems to be an area in which
students, for whatever reason feel confused.
03:26
Well, I am going to walk you through
exactly what you need to know
for what's known as your Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
For example, Burrkitt's lymphoma, you've heard it before.
03:34
You have heard of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. You
have heard of Follicular Lymphoma.
03:37
You have heard of Hairy Cell. You have heard of all
these different types of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
03:42
I am going to put all this into perspective
for you when the time is right.