00:01
Welcome to dermatology.
00:02
Here, we’ll take a look at
inflammatory disorders.
00:06
Our topic, first, we’ll begin
with general terminology.
00:09
It will behoove you to spend a
little bit of time to make sure
that you have a proper understanding
of the following descriptions.
00:16
You will see these descriptions either
being described by your attending
or in a clinical vignette,
and this will then clue
you in as to what kind
of dermatologic condition
you are referring to.
00:27
For example, if it’s a macule,
you cannot feel this.
00:30
So therefore, you place
your hand on the macule.
00:33
For example, café au lait spot.
00:35
It’s a macule, it’s
mocha-colored.
00:37
By definition, less than one
centimeter that is not palpable.
00:41
That is the most
important topic.
00:44
Patch is a lesion that’s a little
bit greater than 1 centimeter,
and once again, that
is not palpable.
00:50
Both of these are not palpable,
but the size with the macule
was a little bit smaller.
00:57
Once you get into papules,
these are elevations.
01:00
And so therefore, it’s possible
that you’re able to feel these,
but the elevation here is
less than one centimeter.
01:07
Or you might have a patient
that has a condition
we’ll talk about
called psoriasis.
01:11
And psoriasis, this is a plaque, and
this would be flat-topped elevation.
01:16
You’ve heard of salmon-colored
plaque with psoriasis.
01:19
And here, the elevation would
be greater than 1 centimeter.
01:23
A nodule, with nodule, I want
you to think of something
like a rheumatoid nodule
or subcutaneous nodule
that you might find with the criteria,
Jones criteria, for rheumatic fever.
01:33
And so therefore,
nodule will be round
and with an elevation of
less than 2 centimeters.
01:38
Whereas, if it’s a tumor, then remember,
tumor, all it means is swelling.
01:43
And if it’s a particular
tumor or swelling that has
not developed due to,
perhaps, injury or trauma,
then you’re looking at an elevation
of greater than 2 centimeters.
01:53
Then we get into what’s
known as fluid-filled.
01:55
Now, what kind of fluid is then
filling up your particular lesion?
You’ve heard of herpes.
02:01
You’ve heard of
chickenpox or varicella.
02:04
This is referring to your vesicle.
02:06
It’s a clear fluid
blister, blister, blister.
02:09
You’ve heard of painful blisters
that may occur with a condition,
a porphyria pathway disease known
as porphyria cutanea tarda,
where that type of vesicle
would then be painful
in your patient upon
exposure to UV light.
02:23
And here, the blister is
less than 1 centimeter.
02:26
A pustule,
I said pustule on
purpose because here,
you’re going to have fluid
that’s filling up this blister,
which is made up of pus,
and we see pus less than 1 centimeter,
and this is what you’re referring to.
02:39
Bulla.
02:40
A bulla, when we get into what’s known as
your vesiculobullous or in other words,
your bullous type of conditions,
pemphigoid vulgaris
or bulla pemphigoid.
02:51
A bulla is going to be fluid-filled
as well but a little bit larger,
greater than one
centimeter in diameter.
02:57
Then we have erosions.
02:59
With an erosion, it’s a loss
of part of the epidermis,
part,
erosion.
03:04
Whereas, if it’s an ulcer, that you’re
going to then notice on the skin,
then please understand the full
thickness of loss of the epidermis.
03:13
The fine difference
between erosion and ulcer
becomes important to you
in terms of description.