00:00
Hey, welcome back. Let's take
a look at the eosinophils.
00:04
Now they get called that because
they stain with the red dye, eosin.
00:08
Clever, huh? Really,
these guys that come up with the names
could never work at a lipstick factory
because, you know, they're not very creative,
but that's why these cells
are called eosinophils
because they stain red with the dye, eosin.
00:21
Now these are a smaller percentage of
the white blood cells, normally 0-4%, right?
So, see if you can recall what
percentage the neutrophils are.
00:31
Okay, if you can't, go ahead
and look at your notes,
but remember, they're a much
larger percentage.
00:38
Okay, we're going to look at the same
drill, right? It's eosinophilia and eosinopenia.
00:42
So you can have an excess of the
eosinophils if there's an allergic reaction.
00:47
So if I have a food allergy, like
peanuts, and I take peanuts,
you're going to see the eosinophils go up.
00:52
The body feels like it's under attack
because I'm allergic to that food.
00:56
That's why you see a rise in the eosinophils.
00:59
Now bee stings can be a
much bigger deal, right?
But food allergies and bee stings
could be a mild reaction
up to a life-threatening reaction,
but you're going to see the eosinophils
elevated either way.
01:11
Parasitic infections.
01:13
That doesn't sound like any fun,
but if you have a parasite
inside your body, you have an infection,
you'll see a rise in your eosinophils.
01:22
Leukemia. You're going to see leukemia
come up over and over again
because their lab values, their CBC
numbers are way out of whack.
01:31
Now you're going to see a rise in eosinophils
when your bone marrow is hyperactive.
01:35
Remember, we talked about low coming
from bone marrow that's suppressed,
but eosinophils go up higher where
the bone marrow is hyperactive.
01:44
Now, you can also have autoimmune
disease or -- here's something --
polyarteritis nodosa.
01:49
That is not something you hear every day,
but it causes a vasculitis and inflammation
and you'll see a rise in the eosinophils.
01:56
Now let's look at the opposite
problem, eosinopenia.
02:00
That means low eosinophils.
It's generally not a concern,
but it might be an indication of some
type of nutritional deficiency
or excessive glucocorticoids.
02:11
So, remember, this is the one that 0%
is still within normal range for some labs.
02:17
So pay close attention to what the
normal values are listed for the lab
where the lab work was processed.
02:23
Basophils. Now, they stain with a
basic dye and they're a blue color.
02:28
Now, they are a smaller percentage of
the white blood cells, normally 0-2%, right?
So there's not very many of these around.
Now, they are a smaller percentage of
the white blood cells, normally 0-2%, right?
So there's not very many of these around.
02:36
Basophilia happens in an allergic reaction,
somebody who has chronic myeloid
leukemia, Hodgkin's disease,
Now, again, basopenia is
generally not a concern,
but it can also be a nutritional deficiency.
02:48
Wait a minute. This is starting
to sound familiar, right?
So a great way to study is to think about
what else have we just talked
about that a low volume of
could mean a nutritional deficiency?
Yeah, jot that in your notes. That
will help you remember it
as you're moving forward and
coming back to review your notes.
03:07
Okay, also excessive glucocorticoids.
03:09
So I think we've pretty much established
that glucocorticoids can really play
with your numbers on your CBC.
03:16
And again, we want to remind
you on this value too,
that 0% is within normal range,
so make sure you pay close attention to
the lab's particular normal range value.