00:01
In this section, I want to quickly go
over every important screening test.
00:07
Remember please that
at some point in time,
unfortunately, if a female goes
onto develop breast cancer,
incidence-wise, remember
it’s number one.
00:15
Mortality-wise, it’s number two.
00:17
So even with proper
amounts of screening
and even with
proper medications,
it’s still the number two
killer of cancer in a female.
00:28
Let’s do a mammography.
00:30
You’re looking for a mass,
you’re looking for
architectural distortion.
00:35
And you’re looking
for calcification.
00:37
What you’re looking at
here in your mammography
would be one in which –
Well, you’ll notice that the
anterior portion will be nipple.
00:45
And the one on the
right will be normal.
00:48
What may then happen is that
if breast cancer was to
kick in or was to develop
and at some point in time, maybe
there might be retraction.
00:56
Oftentimes, that
structure of the breast
that is retracted
on your very right.
01:01
Now, are you picturing this? Are
you able to close your eyes and
conceptualize what
this looks like?
The anterior portion would
be on the very right
and as you move from right to left,
you’re moving from the nipple.
01:11
And then in a little bit, I’ll walk
you through the pathophysiology
or really the clinical anatomy
of the breast apparatus.
01:19
And as you move from the nipple,
you’re coming into lactiferous sinus,
then you’re coming
into your major duct,
terminal duct and then
you go into lobules.
01:26
And then in the very
back on your left
will be the stroma that’s
responsible for holding onto
the breast or you have
these Cooper's ligaments.
01:34
Remember those in anatomy?
The suspensory ligaments
that hold on to the breast.
01:39
And when a female
gets old enough,
then the suspensory
ligament becomes weaker
and then literally causes ptosis
of the breast or sagging breasts.
01:47
You call that a Cooper’s breast.
01:49
Now that you
understand the picture
of what you’re looking
at here on mammography,
if there’s retraction
of the nipple
then on the left it’s kind of showing
you that with increased fibrosis.
01:59
In addition, there
might be calcification
in which the calcium is then
coming through the ducts.
02:04
Let’s spend more time here
and just because you see
calcification though on mammography,
which appears as
being white, right?
It’s always white,
the calcium is.
02:13
And it doesn’t always
mean breast cancer though
and that’s where the
boards will trick you.
02:17
But they won’t though,
they won’t trick you
because you’ll know better.