Femur – Osteology of Lower Limb

00:00 So now let's move on to the femur.

00:03 The femur, which is the thigh bone within the thigh.

00:07 We can see here we have an anterior right femur and we have a posterior right femur.

00:15 So here we have the anterior view of the right femur.

00:18 We've got the head of the femur here.

00:21 Its large, its spherical, and articulates with the acetabulum at the hip joint.

00:27 It contains a depression medially, which is the fovea here.

00:31 And this contains the attachment site for the ligaments of the head of the femur.

00:36 The neck joints the head to the shaft.

00:39 So here we can see the neck of the femur And it contains two trochanters. A greater and the lesser trochanter.

00:47 And these are clearly seen on the posterior view.

00:50 Running between the two trochanters on this anterior aspect, we have the intertrochanteric line.

00:57 And that's running between the two trochanters on this anterior aspect.

01:02 If we look at the shaft and it's relatively dull, it's smooth, it's rounded on the anterior surface posteriorly there's some features we will mention.

01:13 Distally though on this anterior surface, we can see some femoral condyles, we can also see passing towards these condyles the medial and lateral epicondyles.

01:24 And these are going to give rise to those condyles which articulate with the tibial condyles, and form the knee joint.

01:32 We can also see a smooth region here and that is the patellar surface.

01:37 If we look at the posterior view now of the femur, we can still see we've got our head, we've got our neck, and we can see we've got a great trochanter now and clearly a lesser trochanter.

01:49 But here we can see we now have an intertrochanteric crest.

01:54 We don't have that line.

01:55 Looking at the shaft, we can see running down from these trochanters we have the lateral and a medial lip that forms the linear aspera.

02:05 Superiorly, the lateral lip blends with the roughened gluteal trochanter and the medial lip runs to the lesser trochanter as the pectineal line.

02:15 And we'll see some important muscles attach here like pectineus.

02:19 The medial tip becomes continuous with the spiral line, whereas the area between the medial and lateral tips forms the pectineal line.

02:29 So distally, we can now clearly see a large femoral condyles.

02:35 We can still make out the lateral epicondyle and the medial epicondyle will be on this side.

02:40 On the medial epicondyle, we can see in adductor tubercle, which has an important attachment.

02:46 But the femoral condyles, medial and lateral, they're separated by this intercondylar fossa, which will soon appreciate contains some cruciate ligaments and it articulates with the tibial condyles to form the knee joint.

03:01 On the medial condyle, we can see we've got the adductor tubercle here and that's located on the superomedial aspect of that medial condyle.