00:00
If we look at these muscles in their anatomical
position, then we can see most superficially,
we have sartorius passing across the quadriceps
muscles, we can see rectus femoris, we can
see vastus lateralis, and we can see vastus
medialis. If we remove sartorius, we can again
see our quadriceps muscles. This time we can
see iliopsoas passing beneath the inguinal
ligaments which we can see here. We see the
psoas major and the iliacus contributions
to it. We can also see pectineus. In a more
radical dissection, we can actually start
to see the joint capsule of the hip. We can
also see where iliopsoas is being cut here
and here, so we can see that. And rectus femoris
has also been removed. We can see its cut
here, and we can see vastus intermedialis.
As all of these muscles now converge onto
the patella via the quadriceps tendon and then
onto the tibial tuberosity via the patellar
tendon or the patellar ligament. So the quadriceps
femoris muscle is the main extensor of the
knee and it makes up the bulk of the anterior
thigh. It includes, as I’ve mentioned, rectus
femoris, vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius,
vastus medialis, those four muscles.
01:23
It’s innervated primarily by the femoral nerve
and it’s supplied by the femoral artery.
01:29
Tendons from all four of these muscles form
the quadriceps tendon, and it is the patella
that is embedded within the tendon, and it attaches
to the tibial tuberosity, these muscles,
via the patellar tendon. So the patella is
within the tendon that passes from the quadriceps
to the tibial tuberosity. Vastus lateralis
and medialis attach also independently to
the patella. So these, via the lateral and
medial patellar retinacula, attach to the
patella. And we can just about make this out.
We can see we have some ligaments, some kind
of fibrous connections that are running from
these muscles towards the patella. We can
see them running towards the patella, and
these help to stabilize the patella.
02:17
Anterior compartment of the thigh also includes sartorius,
iliopsoas, and pectineus. Sartorius is that
long slender muscle that has a whole series
of complex movements of the hip. And iliopsoas
and pectineus, as we’ll see later on, are
important in forming the floor of the femoral
triangle. We can see them here, and they are
going to form the floor of the femoral triangle.