00:00
Okay, so why don’t we take a look
at some of the theoretical approaches
to understanding in studying Sociology.
00:06
So, one clear way is to distinguish between
Macrosociology and Microsociology.
00:12
Macrosociology emphasizes the
analysis of social systems
and population on a large scale.
00:18
So we’re looking at,
we can focus on small groups
but then we’re looking at how that applies
to that broader larger social structure
Somethings big picture.
00:26
And we have Microsociology which concerns…
concerning the nature of everyday
human social interaction
and the agency on a small scale.
00:34
And we’re looking about
face to face interactions.
00:37
So focus more on individual interaction
and thinking within groups
as oppose to applying group thinking
into a larger broader bigger group.
00:47
So they’re couple other theories and models
that we’re going to walk through.
00:51
And we’re going to look at how
they differentiate and what it is
that they’re actually focusing
on in terms of Sociology.
00:56
So first is Functionalism.
00:58
And this falls as a type of macrosocial theory.
01:01
So core of the Functionalism Model,
we’re saying that states that societies
are complex systems of interrelated
and interdependent parts.
01:11
And that each part of society is
significantly influences the others.
01:15
So it’s interconnected.
01:17
Each part of society exists because
it has a specific function that perform
for society as a whole.
01:24
And there that societies follow
a state of equilibrium
and shifts are adjusted through adjustments.
01:30
So, we know that study in our society
is we have a different bodies
or we have this educational system,
we have the religious sector,
we have the commercial sector.
01:38
And so all of this play a specific role
yet they’re all related, right?
So businesses can impact religion
and religion can impact
vice versa can impact business, and
education can impact businesses and so on.
01:55
So they’re all interconnected.
And what it does is that it establishes
a certain equilibrium that that’s a
specific society has in that moment.
02:02
and if there's ever a change like there's turmoil
in the church or there's economic instability
that’s going to over time adjust itself
and go back to either a new state,
a new state of equilibrium or return back
to the previous level of equilibrium.
02:20
Conflict theory is a little bit different.
02:21
Conflict Theory states that
society is a competition for
and they’re competing for
a limited pool of resources.
02:28
And they do not lean on some
form of equilibriums.
02:32
So it’s not that they’re trying
to get to a certain state.
02:35
it’s that there's this constant struggle.
02:38
As a limited matter of resources
end this constant competition.
02:41
Individuals and groups requires scarce
resources to satisfy their own needs
and wants that’s creating endless conflicts.
02:49
Those with power have the ability
to control more of those resources
for examples, political, economic
and social resources.
02:57
So, that can make a lot of sense and always to.
03:00
And that they’re looking for
a whether it’s economic wealth.
03:04
if you’re looking for political power, if you’re
looking so access to social resources.
03:10
The individuals are a little bit
more affluent who have that
in terms of society on a ladder
or a little bit higher up.
03:15
They would have more of that.
03:16
And so there's a constant struggle and conflict
to trying get more of those resources.
03:21
Now, the major criticism with the Conflict Theory
includes the following three points.
03:25
First, focuses on conflict and not really
the stability that expresses the society.
03:29
So it’s not that things are perfect
but it’s not also a daily conflict.
03:35
In a lot of ways, we’ve embrace and we live within
the social constructs that are around us, right?
So we sort of understand
and we live in.
03:41
And now we’re miserable
in fighting every day.
03:43
It also ignores the non-forceful
ways agreements can be reach.
03:47
So there's other peaceful and sort of
academic ways to discuss and negotiating
and create ways to work within that society.
03:55
And it focuses on economic driver
as a main conflict within society.
03:58
So it’s not always about money.
04:01
There could be other things that people
within society are debating about
and trying to as understand
a little bit better.
04:07
And so this model focuses a little bit
more on the economic drivers.