Pulmonary Radiology

X-rays are high-energy particles of electromagnetic radiation used in the medical field for the generation of anatomical images. X-rays are projected through the body of a patient and onto a film, and this technique is called conventional or projectional radiography. As radiation by X-rays can cause adverse effects depending on the absorbed dose, it is necessary to take protective measures to reduce harm. Digital radiography uses the digital data format and allows for the digital manipulation of images. Common uses include evaluation of chest, mediastinal, spinal, and bone/joint conditions. While radiography is still used to visualize head and abdominal structures, more advanced modalities (CT and MRI) are now preferred. Radiography remains an essential component of initial tests in many diseases, given its wide availability, low cost, and ease of operation.

Pulmonary, or chest, imaging includes imaging of the lungs and surrounding structures in the thorax. Imaging of the chest represents a substantial portion of the imaging tests that are routinely performed. Common imaging methods include X-ray, CT, MRI, and ultrasonography (US). Each imaging method has advantages and disadvantages. Radiology exams, once completed, are read and interpreted by board-certified, fellowship-trained radiologists; however, most physicians should know the basics of how to interpret these images.