00:01
Today,
I'm going to explain
The Public Health
Intervention Wheel.
00:05
The public health
intervention wheel
was developed by the Minnesota
Department of Public Health
in the early 2000s.
00:11
So because of this,
you'll often hear it referred to as
the Minnesota wheel.
00:16
Now, this model is unique.
00:18
It's unique in that
it focuses on the
specific tasks or responsibilities
that public health nurses
carry out in daily practice.
00:26
The underlying
assumption of the model
is that it's population based.
00:30
So no matter what intervention is
conducted, or where the focus lies,
the public health
nurse uses this model
to guide practice from a
population health lens.
00:39
This means the intent
of the intervention
is to improve the health
of the population.
00:45
Specifically,
there are 17 interventions
included on the wheel.
00:49
Each is represented by what
looks like a slice of pie.
00:52
It's important to note
that these interventions do not
follow a sequential clockwise order.
00:57
They can be used
in whatever sequence
best fit the needs
of the population.
01:02
Now, I know this is going
to look overwhelming,
but I don't want it to be that way.
01:06
I'm going to walk you through
each of the 17 interventions.
01:11
The 17 slices of
pie or interventions
are grouped
into five different wedges.
01:18
Further, the interventions
are carried out at three levels.
01:21
The system, community level,
and the individual level.
01:26
And again, I'm going to tell
you exactly what that means.
01:29
The visual representation
of the interventions
empowers public health nurses
to consider a variety
of different interventions
when developing action plans
for population based care.
01:39
Now, imagine you're a
public health nurse.
01:42
You've just started
working in a new community.
01:44
You've heard that there
may be some concerns,
some problems within the community,
but you don't really
know where to start.
01:50
You feel overwhelmed.
01:52
You can use the public
health intervention wheel
to guide your practice,
to give you ideas
of where to begin.
01:58
So let's take a detailed
look at each of the wedges
and each of the interventions.
02:03
Within the red wedge there
are four interventions.
02:06
The first is surveillance.
02:07
With surveillance,
the public health nurse describes
and monitors health events
through ongoing and systematic
collection, analysis,
and interpretation of health data.
02:18
This is used for the purposes
of planning, implementing
and evaluating
public health interventions.
02:24
Next,
we have disease investigation.
02:27
This is the systematic gathering
and analysis of data
regarding threats
to the health of the population.
02:33
Here the public health nurse
ascertains the source of the threat
identifies cases,
and those who are at risk
and determines control measures.
02:43
Then we have outreach.
02:45
Here the public health nurse
locates populations of interest
or populations who are at risk
and provides information about
the nature of the concern,
what can be done about it,
and how services can be obtained.
02:57
And then finally,
we have screening.
02:59
Here the public health
nurse identifies individuals
with unrecognized risk factors,
or those who may be asymptomatic
within the population.
03:10
Together, these interventions
contribute to case finding.
03:14
This happens when the
public health nurse
locates individuals or families
with identified risk factors
and connects them with resources.
03:22
This is considered the individual
level intervention for surveillance,
disease investigation,
outreach, and screening.
03:30
And next is the Green Wedge.
03:32
Here there are
three different interventions.
03:35
First is referral and follow up.
03:37
This is when the public
health nurse assists
individuals, families, groups,
organizations, entire communities
to identify and access
necessary resources
to prevent or resolve
health problems.
03:51
Next, we have case management.
03:53
Here the public health nurse
optimizes self care capabilities
of individuals
and the capacity of
systems and communities
to coordinate and provide services.
04:04
The last intervention
within the Green Wedge
is the delegation of functions.
04:08
These are the direct care tasks
that are registered nurse
carries out as allowed by law.
04:14
Delegated functions also include
any direct care tasks
that are registered
nurse trust other
appropriate personnel to perform.
04:24
The blue wdges next.
04:26
First, within the blue
edge is health teaching.
04:29
When carrying out
this intervention,
the public health nurse
communicates to change
knowledge, attitudes, values,
beliefs, behaviors and practices
of individuals or
entire communities.
04:42
Next, we have counseling.
04:44
Here, the public health
nurse establishes
an interpersonal relationship.
04:48
Now remember,
this could be a relationship
with an entire community,
a family or an individual.
04:53
The intent here is to increase
or enhance their capacity
for self care and coping.
04:58
Counseling engages everyone
at emotoinal level.
05:02
The last intervention within
the blue wedge is consultation.
05:06
This is when the public health nurse
seeks information
and generate solution to
perceive problems or issues
through interactive problem solving
with the community.
05:16
Okay, only two more wedges to go.
Here's the orange wedge.
05:20
The first intervention here
is collaboration.
05:23
This occurs when people or
organizations work together
to achieve a common goal
through enhancing the capacity
of one or more of the members
to promote and protect health.
05:35
Next is coalition building.
05:37
Here the public health nurse
promotes and develops alliances
among organizations
for a common purpose.
05:44
It builds linkages, solves problems,
and enhances local leadership
to address health concerns.
05:51
Last we have community organizing.
05:54
Here the public health
nurse helps community groups
to identify common
problems or goals,
helps them mobilize resources
and develop and
implement solutions.
06:04
Okay, finally,
the last wedge the yellow wedge.
06:09
The first intervention
here is advocacy.
06:11
Advocacy occurs
when the public health nurse
supports a
particular cause or policy.
06:16
The public health nurse often
acts on someone else's behalf
with a focus on
developing the capacity
to plead their own cause or act
on their own behalf in the future.
06:27
Next is social marketing.
06:28
Social Marketing utilizes
commercial marketing
principles or technologies
for programs designed to influence
the knowledge, attitudes,
values, behaviors, and practices
of a population of interest.
06:42
And very last, we have policy
development and enforcement.
06:46
Policy development results
in policies and regulations
that impact the health
of populations.
06:52
Policy Enforcement
involves compelling others
to comply with those
policies and regulations.
06:59
So altogether,
this is what it looks like.
07:02
17 different interventions that
public health nurses can use
to guide comprehensive
population based care.
07:09
Now, again, I know this
probably feels overwhelming,
but what I want you to do is
consider this wheel as a guide.
07:16
Use it as a resource or resource
that you can use to generate ideas
and how you can assess,
implement and evaluate the care
that you provide in the community.