Emphysema – Top USMLE Diseases

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterized by progressive, largely irreversible airflow obstruction. The condition usually presents in individuals over age 40 with a history of more than 40 pack-years of cigarette smoking. Symptoms include progressive dyspnea and chronic cough. Prolonged expiration, wheezing, and/or diminished breath sounds may be noted on physical exam. The diagnosis is confirmed with a pulmonary function test. Management includes smoking cessation, pulmonary rehabilitation, and pharmacotherapy.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterized by progressive, largely irreversible airflow obstruction. The condition usually presents in middle-aged or elderly persons with a history of cigarette smoking. Symptoms include progressive dyspnea and chronic cough. Prolonged expiration, wheezing, and/or diminished breath sounds may be noted on physical exam. The diagnosis is confirmed with a pulmonary function test. Management includes smoking cessation, pulmonary rehabilitation, and pharmacotherapy.