Mental Health Concepts (Nursing)

00:00 Hi, I am Jonna Jackson and we are gonna review Mental Health Concepts.

00:05 Let's start with a quick overview of our content.

00:08 Let's talk about the importance of Mental Health Education.

00:11 I give you few tips to how to remember this content.

00:14 We will define Mental Health and define Mental Illness.

00:17 We will review common signs and symptoms of many mental illnesses.

00:22 We will talk about Nursing Practice Concepts.

00:24 The DSM 5. We will always review the Nursing Process.

00:28 We will talk about Therapeutic Communication and finally Psychopharmacology.

00:33 So why mental health concepts are so important for nurses? First, its really important to know that patients in all areas and all specialties will be experiencing some amount of emotional distress and responses to that stress.

00:47 It's important for the nurse to understand the basic concepts of mental health and mental illness to help you better care for your patients.

00:55 The heart of it, all nurses are "Psych" nurses! Here is some quick ways to remember this content.

01:02 Say the information out loud.

01:05 Practice talking to your friends about it.

01:07 Or practice in the mirror.

01:09 Practice as you are the nurse explaining to to a patient or teaching it to a class.

01:14 Another quick way to help you remember this content is to make a funny or quirky acronyms about medications, processes or whatever to help you remember the content.

01:24 For an example, the nursing process which is assess, diagnose, plan, implement, and evaluate can be remembered as ADPIE.

01:34 If you visualize an apple pie with letters "AD" on it.

01:38 You will be really hard to forgive ADPIE the nursing process.

01:41 During the lessons when you see these symbols you will know which part of a nursing process we are reviewing.

01:46 Assessment, Diagnosis, and Planning, Implementation and Evaluation.

01:54 So what is Mental Health? It's the absence of any mental illness It's the person exhibiting health coping mechanisms and responses to normal stress.

02:05 And the person having the ability to fulfill responsibility and relationships.

02:10 It also includes adjusting and adapting to change.

02:14 Now let's define Mental illness.

02:16 Mental illness is the maladaptation to stress.

02:20 Exhibiting inappropriate thoughts, feelings and behaviors.

02:24 The inability to fulfill responsibilities and relationships and any disorder that effects the behavior caused by the brain.

02:33 Some common mental illness signs/symptoms include: Hallucinations, Delusions, Mania, Excessive Anxiety, and Extreme Mood Changes.

02:44 Some other signs and symptoms of mental illnesses includes: Inappropriate affect. An example of that is a patient that receives really devastating or sad news and response by laughing. That would be an inappropriate affect.

02:57 Rapid or Pressured Speech Patterns, Confusions Disorganized Thoughts, Altered Orientation, that is not knowing the person, place, time, or their birthday.

03:09 And Sleep Disturbances.

03:11 While reviewing common mental illnesses signs and symptoms. It's very important to be cautious.

03:17 Perceived abnormal behavior does not indicate the presence of a mental illness.

03:22 One's own personal and cultural believes may effect their behaviors and may not be mental illness.

03:28 Mental illness can be highly subjective.

03:31 So avoid judging and using labels.

03:35 Now we will review the DSM.

03:36 The DSM stands for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

03:42 It's first publication was in 1952 and we are currently on the 5th edition.

03:47 This manual is specifically for mental health disorders.

03:51 Let's review the Rights of Patients.

03:53 All patients have the right to refuse treatment.

03:56 All patients have the right to informed consent which means the patient should be well aware of whatever procedure or medication that they are about to receive.

04:06 All patients have the right to confidentiality.

04:09 All patients have the right to receive visitors and telephone calls.

04:13 All patients have the right to be treated with respect.

04:16 And all patients have the right to least restrictive environment.

04:20 That means abstaining from seclusions or restraints when it is not necessary.

04:26 Before you take the NCLEX, you should have review theoretical models.

04:29 Some of these include: Psychonalytic Theory, Stages of Personality Development, Theory of Object Relations and Theory of Moral Development.

04:40 Some commons therapies and treatments used in mental health include: Psychopharmacology.

04:45 That is medication made specifically to help those suffering from mental health issues.

04:50 Electroconvulsive Therapy also known as ECT.

04:54 Cognitive Therapy, Behavioral Therapy and don't forget Complimentary Therapies.

04:59 This includes acupuncture, medication and massage.

05:04 Now let's review common Nursing Diagnosis seen in mental health nursing.

05:09 Post-trauma responses, Anxiety, Defensive coping, Ineffective coping, Fear, Grieving (complicated grieving or risk of grieving), Ineffective Denial, Social isolation, Risk for loneliness (due to withdraw), risk for suicide, self-mutilation (or risk way of) And risk for self-directed violence, Impaired religiosity (or risk of), Spiritual distress, Powerlessness, Impaired resilience, or impaired mood regulation.

05:48 Its the nurse's responsibility to main the safe environment.

05:52 The environment as frequently referred to as the Milieu.

05:55 So Milieu therapy is also very important.

05:58 Promote self-care and education, utilize the nursing process, setting appropriate boundaries with your patients, remaining non-judgmental, and avoid derogatory terms like crazy, insane, or any other institutionalized terms that could be offensive.

06:18 Let's review a Sample Mental Health Nursing Care Plan.

06:21 This one is Risk for injury.

06:25 The nursing care plan would have read risk for injury due to maladaptive and defensive mechanisms and resources.

06:32 Related to substance abuse, anxiety, hallucinations, delusions or any other behaviors that a patient may be exhibiting.

06:39 Interventions for risks for injury could include: Assessing the client's level of orientation.

06:45 That is assessing if the patient is aware of who they are? Where they are? And what time it is? Assess potential safety risks: Remove any objects that a patient may be able to use to cause self-injury.

06:59 Obtain drug history and use, An Institute safety precautions on the unit.

07:05 As with all nursing diagnosis you always wanna end with evaluation.

07:10 The risk for injury be should have evaluate when the patient is no longer showing risk for injury or evidence of injury. You should have evaluate this not only by what the patient verbalizes but their non-verbal communication as well.

07:23 A major responsibility for nurses in any setting is to Prioritize Nursing Interventions.

07:29 In mental health nursing, safety is always the utmost importance.

07:34 If given a question asking what nursing diagnosis is important while taking the NCLEX the most immediate or life threatening need should always be addressed first.

07:43 Let's practice a question.

07:46 A 23rd year old female with a history of depression is admitted onto a inpatient psychiatric facility following a suicide attempt immediately following a family member's death.

07:57 The priority nursing diagnosis for this patient is? A. Impaired mood regulation.

08:04 B. Grieving C. Risk for Injury or D. Ineffective denial.

08:12 While all of these nursing diagnosis may be appropriate for this patient Risk for injury would be the most immediate need.

08:19 Always address the safety first.

08:22 Also important for mental health nurses is therapeutic communication. This includes active listening.

08:29 Be attentive to the patient. Show that you are listening by verbal and non-verbal behavior.

08:35 Be Empathetic: Always accept the other person's reality.

08:40 Nurses should always encourage hope.

08:43 Communicate to the patient because of possibility for improvement and/or recovery.

08:48 And don't be uncomfortable or afraid of silence.

08:51 This allows patients time to gather their thoughts and reflect on anything that they might be feeling or remembering.

08:58 Its really important for mental health nurses to know Non-Therapeutic communication is so that we may avoided.

09:04 An example of this is giving opinions.

09:07 Be careful not to portray judgment or take away decision making from the patient.

09:12 Asking for explanations is also non-therapeutic.

09:16 Asking a patient to explain what he or she believes can be perceived as an accusation or disbelief.

09:22 And Arguing, even if you feel the patient is being dishonest.

09:25 Avoid exhibiting feelings of frustration or anger.

09:29 If you must, remove yourself from the situation and returned when you can contribute in a therapeutic way.

09:35 Psychopharmacology is a huge part of mental health nursing.

09:38 There are Antianxiety Agents, Mood Stabilizers, Antipsychotic Agents, Antidepressants, Sedatives and Hypnotics.

09:48 Review indications, side effects, patient education and normal responses to these medications before taking the NCLEX.

09:58 Tips for Success: When in doubt always assess, diagnose, plan and then implement.

10:04 When given a question about what the nurse's priority is always choose assess before implement or taking any action.

10:13 If two answers feel correct and they frequently will do your best to pick the most correct answer.

10:19 An opposites attract! If two responses are very fairly similar but have something opposite in them the correct answer is usually in one of those two. Good Luck!