00:00
Hi, I am Jonna Jackson and we are
gonna review Mental Health Concepts.
00:05
Let's start with a quick
overview of our content.
00:08
Let's talk about the importance
of Mental Health Education.
00:11
I give you few tips to how
to remember this content.
00:14
We will define Mental Health
and define Mental Illness.
00:17
We will review common signs and
symptoms of many mental illnesses.
00:22
We will talk about Nursing
Practice Concepts.
00:24
The DSM 5. We will always
review the Nursing Process.
00:28
We will talk about Therapeutic Communication
and finally Psychopharmacology.
00:33
So why mental health concepts
are so important for nurses?
First, its really important to know
that patients in all areas
and all specialties
will be experiencing some amount of emotional
distress and responses to that stress.
00:47
It's important for the nurse
to understand the basic
concepts of mental health
and mental illness
to help you better care
for your patients.
00:55
The heart of it, all nurses
are "Psych" nurses!
Here is some quick ways
to remember this content.
01:02
Say the information out loud.
01:05
Practice talking to your friends about it.
01:07
Or practice in the mirror.
01:09
Practice as you are the nurse explaining to
to a patient or teaching it to a class.
01:14
Another quick way to help
you remember this content
is to make a funny or quirky
acronyms about medications, processes
or whatever to help you
remember the content.
01:24
For an example, the nursing process
which is assess, diagnose,
plan, implement, and evaluate
can be remembered as ADPIE.
01:34
If you visualize an apple pie
with letters "AD" on it.
01:38
You will be really hard to forgive
ADPIE the nursing process.
01:41
During the lessons when
you see these symbols
you will know which part of a
nursing process we are reviewing.
01:46
Assessment, Diagnosis, and Planning,
Implementation and Evaluation.
01:54
So what is Mental Health?
It's the absence of any mental illness
It's the person exhibiting
health coping mechanisms
and responses to normal stress.
02:05
And the person having the ability to
fulfill responsibility and relationships.
02:10
It also includes adjusting
and adapting to change.
02:14
Now let's define Mental illness.
02:16
Mental illness is the
maladaptation to stress.
02:20
Exhibiting inappropriate
thoughts, feelings and behaviors.
02:24
The inability to fulfill
responsibilities and relationships
and any disorder that effects
the behavior caused by the brain.
02:33
Some common mental illness
signs/symptoms include:
Hallucinations, Delusions, Mania, Excessive
Anxiety, and Extreme Mood Changes.
02:44
Some other signs and symptoms
of mental illnesses includes:
Inappropriate affect.
An example of that is
a patient that receives really
devastating or sad news
and response by laughing. That
would be an inappropriate affect.
02:57
Rapid or Pressured Speech
Patterns, Confusions
Disorganized Thoughts,
Altered Orientation,
that is not knowing the person,
place, time, or their birthday.
03:09
And Sleep Disturbances.
03:11
While reviewing common mental illnesses
signs and symptoms. It's very
important to be cautious.
03:17
Perceived abnormal behavior does not
indicate the presence of a mental illness.
03:22
One's own personal
and cultural believes
may effect their behaviors and
may not be mental illness.
03:28
Mental illness can be highly subjective.
03:31
So avoid judging and using labels.
03:35
Now we will review the DSM.
03:36
The DSM stands for Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
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It's first publication was in 1952 and
we are currently on the 5th edition.
03:47
This manual is specifically for
mental health disorders.
03:51
Let's review the Rights of Patients.
03:53
All patients have the
right to refuse treatment.
03:56
All patients have the
right to informed consent
which means the patient
should be well aware
of whatever procedure or medication
that they are about to receive.
04:06
All patients have the
right to confidentiality.
04:09
All patients have the right to
receive visitors and telephone calls.
04:13
All patients have the right
to be treated with respect.
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And all patients have the right
to least restrictive environment.
04:20
That means abstaining from seclusions or
restraints when it is not necessary.
04:26
Before you take the NCLEX, you should
have review theoretical models.
04:29
Some of these include: Psychonalytic Theory,
Stages of Personality Development,
Theory of Object Relations
and Theory of Moral Development.
04:40
Some commons therapies and
treatments used in mental health
include: Psychopharmacology.
04:45
That is medication made specifically to help
those suffering from mental health issues.
04:50
Electroconvulsive Therapy also known as ECT.
04:54
Cognitive Therapy, Behavioral Therapy and
don't forget Complimentary Therapies.
04:59
This includes acupuncture,
medication and massage.
05:04
Now let's review common Nursing Diagnosis
seen in mental health nursing.
05:09
Post-trauma responses,
Anxiety, Defensive coping,
Ineffective coping, Fear, Grieving (complicated
grieving or risk of grieving),
Ineffective Denial, Social isolation,
Risk for loneliness (due to
withdraw), risk for suicide,
self-mutilation (or risk way of)
And risk for self-directed violence,
Impaired religiosity (or risk of), Spiritual distress,
Powerlessness, Impaired resilience,
or impaired mood regulation.
05:48
Its the nurse's responsibility
to main the safe environment.
05:52
The environment as frequently
referred to as the Milieu.
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So Milieu therapy is
also very important.
05:58
Promote self-care and education,
utilize the nursing process,
setting appropriate boundaries
with your patients,
remaining non-judgmental,
and avoid derogatory terms
like crazy, insane, or any other institutionalized
terms that could be offensive.
06:18
Let's review a Sample Mental
Health Nursing Care Plan.
06:21
This one is Risk for injury.
06:25
The nursing care plan would have read
risk for injury due to maladaptive
and defensive mechanisms and resources.
06:32
Related to substance abuse, anxiety,
hallucinations, delusions
or any other behaviors that a
patient may be exhibiting.
06:39
Interventions for risks
for injury could include:
Assessing the client's level of orientation.
06:45
That is assessing if the patient
is aware of who they are?
Where they are? And what time it is?
Assess potential safety risks:
Remove any objects that a patient may
be able to use to cause self-injury.
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Obtain drug history and use,
An Institute safety precautions on the unit.
07:05
As with all nursing diagnosis you
always wanna end with evaluation.
07:10
The risk for injury be should have evaluate when
the patient is no longer showing risk for injury
or evidence of injury. You
should have evaluate this
not only by what the
patient verbalizes
but their non-verbal
communication as well.
07:23
A major responsibility
for nurses in any setting
is to Prioritize Nursing Interventions.
07:29
In mental health nursing, safety
is always the utmost importance.
07:34
If given a question asking what
nursing diagnosis is important
while taking the NCLEX
the most immediate or life threatening
need should always be addressed first.
07:43
Let's practice a question.
07:46
A 23rd year old female
with a history of depression
is admitted onto a inpatient psychiatric facility
following a suicide attempt immediately
following a family member's death.
07:57
The priority nursing diagnosis
for this patient is?
A. Impaired mood regulation.
08:04
B. Grieving
C. Risk for Injury or D. Ineffective denial.
08:12
While all of these nursing diagnosis may
be appropriate for this patient
Risk for injury would be
the most immediate need.
08:19
Always address the safety first.
08:22
Also important for mental health nurses
is therapeutic communication.
This includes active listening.
08:29
Be attentive to the patient.
Show that you are listening
by verbal and non-verbal behavior.
08:35
Be Empathetic: Always accept
the other person's reality.
08:40
Nurses should always encourage hope.
08:43
Communicate to the patient because of
possibility for improvement and/or recovery.
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And don't be uncomfortable
or afraid of silence.
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This allows patients time
to gather their thoughts
and reflect on anything that they
might be feeling or remembering.
08:58
Its really important for
mental health nurses to
know Non-Therapeutic communication is
so that we may avoided.
09:04
An example of this is giving opinions.
09:07
Be careful not to portray judgment or take
away decision making from the patient.
09:12
Asking for explanations
is also non-therapeutic.
09:16
Asking a patient to explain
what he or she believes
can be perceived as
an accusation or disbelief.
09:22
And Arguing, even if you feel
the patient is being dishonest.
09:25
Avoid exhibiting feelings
of frustration or anger.
09:29
If you must, remove yourself
from the situation
and returned when you can
contribute in a therapeutic way.
09:35
Psychopharmacology is a huge
part of mental health nursing.
09:38
There are Antianxiety
Agents, Mood Stabilizers,
Antipsychotic Agents, Antidepressants,
Sedatives and Hypnotics.
09:48
Review indications, side effects,
patient education and normal
responses to these medications
before taking the NCLEX.
09:58
Tips for Success: When
in doubt always assess,
diagnose, plan and then implement.
10:04
When given a question about
what the nurse's priority is
always choose assess before
implement or taking any action.
10:13
If two answers feel correct
and they frequently will
do your best to pick
the most correct answer.
10:19
An opposites attract! If two responses
are very fairly similar but
have something opposite in them
the correct answer is usually
in one of those two. Good Luck!